Falls from heights in the workplace remain one of the leading causes of severe injuries and fatalities, making ladder safety a critical concern for any industry. To address this, OSHA updated its regulations in 2016 to enhance worker protection and incorporate advanced safety measures into access systems. Effective November 19, 2018, these revised standards introduced new requirements for fixed ladders extending over 24 feet above a lower level, fundamentally changing how employers approach fall safety.
For businesses looking to comply with these updated regulations, understanding OSHA’s changes is essential. Fixed ladders with safety cages, once a common solution, now require additional measures to meet the revised standards. Expert metal fabricators, like those at GSM Industrial, can guide you through these updates and ensure your equipment aligns with OSHA’s latest mandates.
The Evolution of Fixed Ladder Cages and Fall Protection
Traditionally, fixed ladders with safety cages were the standard method for protecting workers climbing to heights above 20 feet. Under the previous OSHA 1910.21 regulations, fixed ladders exceeding this height were required to include a cage. Defined as an enclosure attached to the ladder’s side rails or the supporting structure, the cage surrounded the climbing area to provide an added layer of safety by decelerating a fall until the climber reached a platform.
However, extensive research revealed that cages alone are insufficient to prevent falls and, in some cases, may even contribute to injuries during a fall. These findings prompted OSHA to revise its General Industry standards in 2016, shifting the focus from general safety features to more effective fall protection solutions for fixed ladders.
The Transformation in OSHA Standards
In a significant regulatory update, OSHA revised its requirements for fixed ladders under the Occupational Health and Safety Standards, Subpart D, Standard 1910.28. One of the most notable changes is the gradual elimination of safety cages on fixed ladders. According to the updated regulations, a personal fall arrest system (PFAS) or a ladder safety system is now mandatory for fixed ladders exceeding 24 feet.
For multi-section fixed ladders surpassing 24 feet, platforms or rest points are required to enhance climber safety. Additionally, fixed ladders without cages must include a rest platform at least every 150 feet, ensuring compliance with OSHA’s focus on advanced fall protection measures.
Guidelines for Ensuring Compliance
Keeping your business compliant and your workforce safe is our top priority. If you’re uncertain about your ladders and access platforms’ compliance with the updated OSHA rules, feel free to contact us. Our account representatives can visit your site, assess the situation, and offer appropriate recommendations. You can also refer to the OSHA Fact Sheet for more information.
When assessing your facility’s compliance, consider these standards:
New Fixed Ladders
As per OSHA’s revised regulations, all new fixed ladders over 24 ft installed at your facility should incorporate a PFAS. These systems are designed to provide enhanced protection by securely anchoring the climber and reducing the risk of serious injury in the event of a fall. Additionally, any existing fixed ladders currently equipped with safety cages will need to be retrofitted with compliant fall protection systems by the designated phase-out deadline to meet OSHA standards. Ensuring all ladders adhere to these updated safety measures reduces liability and prioritizes your employees’ well-being.
Modifications or Replacements of Existing Ladders
Suppose you’re modifying or replacing sections of an existing fixed ladder. In that case, OSHA regulations mandate the installation of a personal fall arrest system (PFAS) or ladder safety system on the updated or altered sections. This requirement ensures that all modifications align with current safety standards, offering improved protection for climbers.
Furthermore, by November 18, 2036, all fixed ladders over 24 feet must be retrofitted with a PFAS or ladder safety system, regardless of whether the existing safety cage is removed. This phased compliance timeline allows organizations to transition to advanced fall protection systems while maintaining workplace safety and meeting OSHA’s updated standards.
Crafting OSHA-Compliant Fixed Ladders
Although this article outlines the major changes to OSHA’s standards for fixed ladders above 24 ft, fabricating OSHA-compliant ladders involves numerous other essential measurements. From climbing width, the distance between ladder rungs and a structure, grab bar extension heights, clearance above access levels, and more, GSM Industrial consistently meets every standard with excellence. Whether you need a new fixed ladder system, a PFAS installed on an existing ladder, or any other ladder-related service, don’t hesitate to contact us.
FAQ: OSHA Fixed Ladder Regulations
Are safety cages still allowed on fixed ladders?
Cages are no longer considered compliant fall protection for ladders over 24 feet. They can remain in use on ladders installed before 2018 until 2036, but they must eventually be replaced with PFAS or ladder safety systems.
What is the difference between a personal fall arrest system and a ladder safety system?
A PFAS involves a full-body harness connected to an anchor via a lanyard. A ladder safety system typically includes a cable or rail system integrated into the ladder itself.
Do I need to upgrade every ladder in my facility?
Only ladders that are over 24 feet and installed before November 19, 2018, will require retrofitting by 2036. New or modified ladders must comply immediately.
What happens if I don’t comply?
Non-compliance can result in OSHA citations, fines, and, more importantly, serious workplace injuries that could have been prevented.
Can GSM Industrial inspect my existing ladders for compliance?
Yes. We offer on-site assessments to review your current systems and recommend the most cost-effective and compliant solutions.
What industries are affected by these ladder standards?
Any industry using fixed ladders over 24 feet—manufacturing, utilities, water treatment plants, warehousing, and more—is impacted by these changes.
What should I look for in a compliant ladder installation partner?
Choose a provider with OSHA knowledge, in-house fabrication capabilities, and proven experience in industrial environments. GSM Industrial checks all those boxes.
This blog was updated on April 23, 2025.